Tuesday, May 21, 2013

What are the the benefits of a Linux OS over Windows?

Q. What are the the benefits of a Linux OS over Windows. Can I do almost everything on a Linux OS that I can do on Windows, also which is the best Linux OS?

A. There are a couple of advantages I can think of:

It is free. Windows is way over priced.

It is stable. It seems like I am always having to reboot Windows.

It is less corruptable. It seems like I end up re-installing Windows about once a year to clean up problems with it.

It is more secure. Not only do hackers target it less frequently for viruses and such (due to its smaller install base), but you have thousands of developers examining the code base and looking to plug leaks.

It is a true multi-tasking OS. Windows was originally a single task OS which was twisted and perverted over the years to do multi-tasking.

Once you learn how to work at the command prompt level, Linux offers a much larger and more powerful set of tools for doing things on your computer.

There are many more free programs available for Linux. Microsoft has hidden many of the features of Windows so that only their expensive code can take advantage of them - not so with Linux. You can, for instance, get a full featured Office replacement for free.

Drawback: There are a number of programs offered ONLY on Windows.

Which is best? Depends on what you want. Ubuntu is a good all-around replacement for Windows. If you are doing 'server' type of work I'd go with RedHat or CentOS (which is actually RedHat, one version back).

How do i partion my hard drive so i can put the Linux OS(Unbuntu) onto it and choose to boot Linux instead?
Q. How do i partion my hard drive so i can put the Linux OS(Unbuntu) onto it and choose to boot Linux instead?


Some links would be nice, Thanks!

A. you need to provide more information when you ask a question like this. Assuming you have windows xp installed on your computer:

http://apcmag.com/how_to_dual_boot_windows_xp_and_linux_xp_installed_first.htm

assuming you have vista installed

http://apcmag.com/how_to_dualboot_vista_with_linux_vista_installed_first.htm

How do you remove a Linux OS to install windows?
Q. I purchased a "used" computer from my company and it has a Linux OS on it. I would like to wipe it clean and install windows, but not sure how. Is there an easy way to do this?
I tried starting up with the windows 7 disk, in hopes it would just "over ride" the other, but no luck. The current OS is uBuntu...not sure if that makes a difference or not.

A. If you have a cd/dvd of the operating system you want, just put in on your optical drive
turn on your computer, press F8 or whatever button to change start up drive, change booth drive to your optical drive, save setting, exit and reboot.
Your computer will read your cd/dvd and will prompt you.
It will find your hard drive and ask you if you want to install it on that drive. (default C drive).
If you have a huge hard drive, you can partition your C drive to whatever size you want.
I prefer to assign only 50 Gig for drive C. Once the operating system is installed, I partition the remaining drive and use it as storage drive.
It fill format the drive and install your operating system.
Just follow the instructions of the install prompts.

If you are still having problems, use a separate computer, search for Hiren's boot cd in .iso format. Download and burn on cd/dvd. Just boot the cd in your used computer. It has a lot of partitioning programs you can choose to reformat your hard drive.



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How do i connect to the Linux command prompt using JAVA code?

Q. Hmm... not sure if u understand wat i mean....
What i want to know is the codes in JAVA to run the things in Linux command prompt... Like when i run the java prog, i want to be able to connect to the command prompt ... (hope u understand... :P)
Thanks a lot... =)

PS: Any useful links will be really appreciated =)

A. I think I know what your trying to say. You want to run a linux command from the the Java Runtime Environment. This command should work.
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(String command);
There is more info at this link http://saloon.javaranch.com/cgi-bin/ubb/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic&f=34&t=003535.

What is the linux command to obtain the PID number of a specific program running?
Q. I'm tired to use the "top" and search around for the PID of a program that I know is running on a remote terminal, left open by someone else, and that I want to kill. I wonder if there is a linux command that would return the PID of only that program.

A. ps aux | grep processname
or
pidof processname

How to enter password by linux command?
Q. As the title.I would like to find out How to enter password by linux command?

eg: when you write a script to sudo root. then you will be asked to enter password.
how can i do it by linux script? Is there a command can do the job?
Thanks in advance.

A. Don't. just run sudo script instead of trying to put sudo into the script.



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Is there a way to reset the stats for the Linux command df?

Q. For a while now whenever I use the command df in Linux it shows that one of my partitions is full but if I use the du -ac command it shows that I am using only 4.2 of 7.8 Gigs of storage. Is there a way to reset the stats for the Linux command df?

A. Df and du do not measure the same exact things. You can google for: df VS du and see a lot of explanations.

Please suggest me a software that i can install in windows XP inorder to learn LINUX commands?
Q. I want to learn linux commands on windows platform (without the requirement of linux OS). I had a software but i forgot the name, can please help getting that similar kind of functionality.

Thank you all for your kind suggestions and Hints.

A. If you want native solution, then Cygwin is the best. It allows you to configure and install only those applications that you want.

How to save file to desktop using Linux commands.?
Q. I am a beginner to Linux commands. I use SSH to connect to a Linux server. What command can I use to save a text file on the server to my desktop? Example?

A. From your desktop, fire up a terminal, or use Cygwin if you're under Windows (make sure you have installed the openssh packages) :

scp <your_user_name>@<server_name>:<path to remote file> <path to local dir/file>

Enter your password, and you're done :)



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What is a good keyboard mouse combo device?

Q. looking for a keyboard that functions as a mouse and board with only one usb input.

linux compatible good quality?

anyone have any good expediences with such hardware?

A. Logitech has good products,I think the latest Keyboard/Mouse uses one wireless USB connection that also will control up to six devices.

How to install wifi usb driver on back track linux or make it to work on vmware?
Q. i have back track linux on vmware and i cant get my wifi device to work i tried to use wifi usb to work but it also dont work i guess i need to install the driver of that usb in BT linux but i dont how
can you please help me ?

A. there is an easy way, Google to find DGTSoft, then you can download "USB Drivers for Windows XP/Vista/7", choose one for your PC, it an scan and find the missing drivers and then install the right ones automatically.Good luck for u!

Is there a modding software like Modio or USB XTAF for Linux?
Q. Is there any modding software that can read from a Xbox 360 memory unit like Modio or USB Xtaf can for Linux. I am currently running Ubuntu 11.04 and can't seem to find anything. Also neither Modio or USB Xtaf work under Wine.

A. http://www.se7ensins.com/forums/topic/201665-tutlinux-xbox-360-usb-mods/



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Can I use linux to stream videos to a windows pc?

Q. I have an old computer that i want to turn into a media center for my household. The problem is, I really want a linux distro on it if possible. I know Tversity and Twonky don't support linux, but is there a distro or program I could use to stream my videos?

A. http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/groups/dvd/ www.mplayherhq.hu
available in command line and GUI
â Be sure to get all the codecs, including the W32
codecs.
â available as source, RPM or Debs
â Yum RPM updates for Fedora from
www.greysector.net
Mplayer tricks
â Make a script with your favorite command-line
parameters like this
â time mplayer autoq
20 cache
32768 autosync
30 framedrop
zoom
fs
stopxscreensaver
$*
â Or put them in your GUI launcher
â mplayer-plugin for Mozilla & Firefox
â Skip ads and start at 4th file on DVD with dvd://4
(or whichever one starts the show on that DVD)

how to speed up XBMC on an old Ubuntu Linux computer?
Q. I recently installed XBMC media center on my old Ubuntu Linux computer. I am running 11.04 and have already changed the sources to the 10.10 release. There is lots of lag in the media center and a very low frame rate. Is there a way to disable some of the 3D effects to make XBMC run faster? If not is there another way to speed up XBMC media center?

A. Disable or low some of the XBMC settings
Close any programs you have open before using XBMC
Turning off any start-up programs that you don't use

Is there a way to have Window Media Center recognize and play rar'ed videos?
Q. I want WMC on XP to recognize and play video in rar archives, either by extracting it completely before playing or not.

Or should I go with some other Media Center, Windows or Linux based, excluding MythTV?

A. No,only the archiver application can recognise the file. Not that there is any point in compressing a video file as they already, usually have high compression levels due to their encoding.



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What unix operating system should I install on my macbook?

Q. I saw here a list of some unix operating systems: http://www.tech-faq.com/download-unix.shtml

Which would be recommended to be installed on my macbook? (Please tell me whether the operating system is known to work without problems on a mac.) I am a comp. sci. student.

A. I don't think you need to install Unix on MAC since MAC OS X is itself built on Unix OS.

All functionality of unix is present in OS X.
Search for origin of OSX on wikipedia.

If you would still like to try another flavour of linux try Ubuntu since it is easy to install and you can first try it using Live CD.

Is there still a pure unix system out there for download?
Q. I have tried linux, windows, and mac os x. I am curious however to see what a unix operating system with GUI looks like. I have heard and read countless of articles of linux being based on the "rock solid" and "very stable" UNIX kernel. I want to get the "pure" unix operating system not linux. Does anyone have any information about why UNIX is gone?

A. Unix still exists, but is generally only installed on custome hardware and often won't run on anything else. Irix (SGI's unix flavor) is one example if this, as well as HP-UX and AIX by HP and IBM, respectively. You can try Open Solaris, which is Sun's unix OS. It runs on standard PCs. Ditto for OpenBSD.

How can i download old Unix operating system?
Q. Pls give me link for download unix operating system ..

A. You can't, they were propreitary... If you want a new one, FreeBSD is the closest you can get... Also, Linux isn't built from unix, just based on it, but it's much more advanced...



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What is the best Linux distribution for a beginner?

Q. I don't know anything about Linux. Should be easy to use and should be an active and popular distribution that is still updated from time to time and has an active developer team.

A. Here are some options for installing or trying out Linux

Option One (Full installation)

I thoroughly recommend Linux Mint 9 Main Edition which is built upon Ubuntu 10.04 Its easy to install and easy to use plus it comes with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 9 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=52

The Perfect Desktop - Linux Mint 9 (Isadora)
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-9-isadora

Linux Mint 9 User Guide Download pdf.
http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_isadora.php

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 9 then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD for installation

Linux Mint 9 can also be run direct from the LiveCD from Booting up without touching your Hard Drive

Also worth considering :

Fedora Remix (Fedora with elements of Linux Mint)
http://fcoremix.wordpress.com/2010/05/25/lucky-13/
http://iso.linux.hr/community-fedora-remix/
http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/User_Guide/

Again Fedora Remix can be run direct from the LiveDVD without touching your Hard Drive

Option Two (Install Linux inside Windows)

Installing Ubuntu as a dual-boot with Windows without partitioning
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

You keep Windows as it is, Wubi only adds an extra option to boot into Ubuntu. Wubi does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

Wubi keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the Ubuntu 10.04 LiveCD and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where the Wubi installer comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Ubuntu (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Ubuntu is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Ubuntu

Ubuntu 10.04 Download
http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/get-ubuntu/download

Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx) User Guide
http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu:Lucid

Linux Mint 9 which is built upon Ubuntu 10.04 has a similar feature called mint4win and the directions given above for Wubi can be followed
http://duncsweb.com/2009/09/27/mint4win-a-wubi-based-installer-of-linux-mint/

As with Linux Mint 9 and Fedora Remix, Ubuntu 10.04 can also be run straight from the LiveCD without touching your Hard drive

Option Three (LiveCD)

Here the possibilities are endless as you can try out as many different Linux distros. as you like until you find the one thats right for you DISTROWATCH.COM gives full listings (second lists the major distributions)
http://distrowatch.com/

Major Linux Distributions
http://distrowatch.com/dwres.php?resource=major


LUg.

What software are there to track which websites a wireless router user has visited?
Q. I am looking for software that can track the websites and webpages a user has visited. For example, I am operating a wireless router that connects 5-7 users to the Internet. I am interested in what are these people are doing with my wireless service, as in are they abusing the wireless service that I am providing to them?

I am interested in how much time they are spending on the Internet, what websites they have visited or the webpages they are surfing and if they are downloading materials.

I know that such software are available on the open market but so far, I'm not sure where to find them. I am hoping for examples of such software that I can use.

Furthermore, I also wonder if the users on my wireless router can block such tracking software or If they can tack my attempts to follow them or if they will be aware if I am using such software to track them.

I undertsand that large networks and corporations routinely use such software. Are such software very expensive?

A. One solution is to setup a transparent proxy.
http://www.squid-cache.org/
This can be done as to not interfere with access but can provide all sorts of data including every web access or you can restrict certain sites if you really want to. There are several add-ons that have been done for squid to provide reporting from the logs that it can keep. A side benefit is that using caching you can maximize bandwidth and make browsing effectively quicker for sites that are visited frequently or by multiple users.
This is basically a free solution. Any, say, old pentium machine with decent network cards, a fair amount of memory, HD space and Linux loaded on it can handle this.
You could also use something like tcpdump (a packet capture utility) which can monitor *all* traffic going through the network. This too is a free program.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcpdump
http://www.tcpdump.org/

The average user would have no idea if you were using any type of 'tracking' method. And all but the most knowledgable would be aware of certain methods (eg tcpdump can be quite difficult to determine if it is being used depending on how it is used). While it would be pretty easy for someone to realize that they are going through a proxy (eg. a random error with the proxy accessing a page) this can be excused as being in place for the speed benefit.

Many corporations probably use some commercial software, mainly because they have a budget and don't care so much about cost as they do prettiness and nifty charts and reports that a program can make for them with ease. There is plenty of open source software that can do just as much. For more possibilities do a search on freshmeat or sourceforge.

What Linux Distribution should I put on my other hard drive partion?
Q. I have to hard drive partions, with one partion being Windows XP, and the other getting ready for Linux. I am wondering what Linux distribution I should use. The computer I use is for Home use, like homework, web browsing, ect... Any suggestions?

A. I thoroughly recommend Linux Mint 7 Main Edition which is built upon Ubuntu 9.04 Its easy to install and easy to use plus it comes with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 7 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=38

Linux Mint 7 User Guide
http://www.scribd.com/doc/15884753/Linux-Mint-7-Gloria-User-Guide

The Perfect Desktop - Linux Mint 7 (Gloria)
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-7-gloria

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 7 then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD for installation

Linux Mint 7 can also be run direct from the LiveCD from Booting up without touching your Hard Drive

INSTALL LINUX MINT WITHIN WINDOWS

Linux Mint has a feature called mint4win based on the Wubi installer (Ubuntu) http://wubi-installer.org/ which enables you to install Linux Mint within windows (Windows 7 run mint4win in vista compatability mode)

You keep Windows as it is, mint4win only adds an extra option to boot into Linux Mint. mint4win does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

mint4win like Wubi keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the LiveCD you have just created and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where mint4win comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Linux Mint (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Linux Mint is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Linux Mint

Installing a dual-boot with Windows without partitioning
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

CURRENT SESSION

Linux Mint 6 ext3 with switchable Beryl 0.2.1* and Compiz 0.7.8
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=31
http://www.scribd.com/doc/21224431/Linux-Mint-6-Felicia-Official-Users-Guide
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-6-felicia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryl_%28window_manager%29
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiz
*Beryl 0.2.1 sourced from Ubuntu 7.04 repositories


LUg.



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When I try to start Ubuntu normally, it goes into a command prompt, rather than the graphical set. Fix?

Q. And when I get to the command prompt, I get a line asking me to log in. If I wait a moment, it will say that "low memory is corrupted on XxxxxxX etc," I go into recovery mode to fix the packages, but it didn't download anything. therefore, not fixing it, I run in the failsafe graphics mode, and it works. I dual boot with Windows 7. How do I fix this?

A. May be something to do with Run Level.

Linux has 7 different run levels (or operating modes):

* rc0.d - System Halted
* rc1.d - Single User Mode
* rc2.d - Single User Mode with Networking
* rc3.d - Multi-User Mode - boot up in text mode
* rc4.d - Not yet Defined
* rc5.d - Multi-User Mode - boot up in X Windows
* rc6.d - Shutdown & Reboot

Each mode has it's own list of settings for what services to start and what services to shutdown. Not only does this list contain what is supposed to be running, but also what order each service should be started in - a feature many Linux lovers like to point out that Windows lacks..

chkconfig - will list all the registered services and display thier status at each different run level.

Most of the time when your server boots up it will start in runlevel 3 or 5 depending on what it is set to. This setting can be found in the file /etc/inittab

If you ever want to change what mode your server defaults to on bootup, just edit that file, but NEVER change it to runlevel 6 or 0. This will cause your server to shutdown on bootup or if you set it to runlevel 6 it will continuously reboot. I guess this could make a great prank on a friend's workstation.
RC.D Directory Explanation

In the folder: /etc/rc.d are all the run level folders starting from rc1.d to rc6.d and including init.d

It is in each of these rc#.d folders where the service run settings are kept. If you change directory into /etc/rc.d/rc3.d all the files that start with a capital S are the services that will start at this runlevel. All the files that start with a K are the services that will be killed at that runlevel.

The reason why services that are not supposed to run are still listed is because it is popular to switch a server from one run level to another instead of just booting into the needed run level. That way you can take your server offline (single user mode) and then apply a patch or do a file restore.

Let's take a closer look at these files that are inside the rc#.d folders. Notice that they are symbolic links to the script file located in /etc/rc.d/init.d This makes things very easy. All the commands to start, stop, or reload a service are handled by these scripts. So when a server is to go into a specific run level it can find the correct script and knows whether to start it based on its name and link path.

How to: Schedule my PC to shutdown at a certain time?
Q. Hey!
I just wanted to know how I could make like some sort of task where I could make my PC shutdown/hibernate at a certain hour. However I want it to do this only on certain days of the week. I hope you guys could help me and I'm even willing to install a program to make this possible!

Thanks in advance!

A. Use the "scheduled tasks" item in yoru control panel (Windows - assumed)
Basically, at the command line you would have
> at ( time)
+
> shutdown / (flags /t = time in seconds, mandatory.. other flags, see /?)

so to FORCE a shutdown and a RESTART (just for demo) in 90 seconds
one time, I would do - > shutdown /f /r /t 90

To schedule it for later on, ( /yes - force close if needed)
> AT 2200 /yes /every:Mon,Tue,Wed "shutdown /f /r /t 90"
... or something similar.. I haven't used this in a while, so it may need a tweak with spaces or flags.

It is probably easier - you just check the boxes(for days), fill in the time, and give the command in using the TASK SCHEDULER.

If you are using Mac or Linux (Mac since OSX is BSD Linux underneath).. the similar command would be setting a CRON job ( CRON is closest to AT)

In linux how do I set a time for my computer to shut down?
Q. Is there a way I can leave my computer on to download something but have it set so that it stops the download and shuts down at a certain time?
I'm using dream linux.

A. you can use the command "shutdown -P time". With this command, the computer will shutdown after the given time in minutes. For ex: "Shutdown -P 30" will turn off the computer after 30 minutes

Other possibilities are to use "at" or "cron",
"at" will automatically perform a given command at the given time only once (remember that: only once).
"cron" will repetitively perform the given command at every given time (for ex: every hour, every day or every month, etc...
For explication of "at" and "cron": you can see this page: http://www.linux.org/lessons/interm/c622.html

In your situation, Using "shutdown" is the best because your task isn't repetitive and "shutdown" is much more easier to use than "at" or "cron".



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How can i tell which files a specific process is using in ubuntu?

Q. I am trying to find out where a temp file for a program is being stored. im sure linux has a way of doing this (seemingly?) simple task.

thanks

A. I have 'conky' set up to give me information about top processes as part of my wallpaper - but I think for detail, you can go through GUI or terminal, up to you. You should search for information about conky in Crunchbang forums.

If you prefer mousey answers, then using GUI - open system monitor (add it to your panel, right click and open from there maybe) - processes, and view 'command line'

Problem is that GUI affects your system too much, so better open terminal (install terminator, it's very cool, also install cowsay cos that's really cool too)

type 'htop'

if it isn't installed, your terminal will tell you exactly how to get it ;)

I'm apt to think you'll get my meaning B-)

With terminator, you can actually run HTOP, and you can remove the scrollbar and window border too - and actually have just a display like a widget on your desktop. To move windows with no decoration, you press a modifier (usually ALT and drag with the mouse, but if you had problems with GIMP shortcuts, you should change the function for 'move' window to use 'ctrl+alt')

Ok? anything else? :P

What was your opinion when you upgraded from XP to Ubuntu?
Q. I am wondering what you think of Ubuntu when you upgraded from the outdated and insecure XP.

I used Ubuntu, and find it is far more complete and more secure then anything ever seen from Microsoft.

You can actually use it without no security software because everyone targets Windows.

I will never go back to Windows. (Note: This is from a person who said a few months back that "Linux is for script kiddies" or "Linux is only used to inflate your computer ego".

A. I really wasn't impressed when I installed Ubuntu 7.04 from a CD. I was happy with the 25 minutes installation time, but then had loads of stupid problems - firstly I couldn't connect to wireless internet, and then I had problems trying to mount things, and found that I had to manually edit text files to set some things up....

What else - well the first thing that started to change my mind is that whilst editing one text file, I restarted and had no desktop - it wouldn't load at all, and I decided to try something. I'd set up an alias already 'sudo apt-get install' is just 'install' on my system.

I typed 'install gnome-desktop'

And it did. Wow. Then with Ubuntu 8.10 most of the issues were ironed out - just eight months later!!! Hard drives just appear and I could just format to NTFS if I wanted to, great - good for USB's.

I still have XP - but gradually I used it less, and less, and less - and now it's only for Windows games - I disabled the networking. Ubuntu works perfectly straight from a fresh install of Jaunty 9.04 - Printer, Wifie, Monitor - everything is perfect from the start.

Summary - I wasn't impressed when I first tried Ubuntu, it's too different and seems harder.

Now, however, I laugh at the amount of time I took to install XP last year, because Ubuntu installs in 25 minutes - including drivers for most stuff (nVidia is a 5 minutes download, and I have .deb installers for my printer).

I also have XP in a virtualbox for anyting that refuses to run on ubuntu and has no decent replacement (i.e. ACDSee Pro2 for moving pictures from Camera to Computer because it has a couple of killer lighting adjustment tools).

I never missed Photoshop, it is too hard and complicated - and I learned to do ten times as much stuff in GIMP in just 6 months using it (than with 3 years working with Photoshop)

Then, of course, sekurity - forgot even how to spell that. Why do you need to worry about security with your computer? just make a strong password and it's finished right? Surely nobody would ship an operating system that is Insecure by default!!!

But I can tell you, if you get interested in something like 'conky' you'll start getting really interested to edit a text file and make it your own (google search for 'crunchbang' and 'conky' and find a really cool forum for it.

Mac is for inflating ego - Mac is the BMW (based on freeBSD actually, but with layers on top that aren't open) and priced like a Benz - it's over priced and fine for poseurs everywhere.

I actually like the Mac 'globalmenu' concept, so I found out how to install it on Ubuntu - nice way to save on vertical screenspace.

Join the party, go to linuxoutlaws.com and sign up for their very funny podcast (they do a really cool 'microwatch' section every week)>

You'll love it, it's a real blast :P

BTW - never use 'Automatix' but DO use 'Ubuntu Tweak'

Could I build a Linux system on my old Pentium 1 PC?
Q. It's been sitting around in my basement for years, but I think it still works. Just the OS (Win95) is corrupt so it won't boot. I have been interested in Linux for a while, but couldn't risk a primary PC to play around. I just thought of using my old Pentium PC.

If I recall, I can boot in a DOS Safe mode. How would I get started?

A. Okay!!!
Yes.
Now... Modern Linux.. Your Ubuntus and your Mints and Fedoras and such.. they are also going to be too much for that p1 to swallow.

Guess at specs here but lets shoot low.

you have 3 gig hdd, 128 megs ram, clock speed 166 mhz. MMX processor.

I'd try CrunchBang, (#!) or DSL, or Feather.
http://crunchbanglinux.org/
http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/
http://featherlinux.berlios.de/

The installs on those are going to be a bit harder than a modern distro on a modern computre, but the benefit is, (besides a working computer) by the time you get it all set up, you'll actually have a pretty good idea of how to drive.



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What is a good keyboard mouse combo device?

Q. looking for a keyboard that functions as a mouse and board with only one usb input.

linux compatible good quality?

anyone have any good expediences with such hardware?

A. Logitech has good products,I think the latest Keyboard/Mouse uses one wireless USB connection that also will control up to six devices.

How to install wifi usb driver on back track linux or make it to work on vmware?
Q. i have back track linux on vmware and i cant get my wifi device to work i tried to use wifi usb to work but it also dont work i guess i need to install the driver of that usb in BT linux but i dont how
can you please help me ?

A. there is an easy way, Google to find DGTSoft, then you can download "USB Drivers for Windows XP/Vista/7", choose one for your PC, it an scan and find the missing drivers and then install the right ones automatically.Good luck for u!

Is there a modding software like Modio or USB XTAF for Linux?
Q. Is there any modding software that can read from a Xbox 360 memory unit like Modio or USB Xtaf can for Linux. I am currently running Ubuntu 11.04 and can't seem to find anything. Also neither Modio or USB Xtaf work under Wine.

A. http://www.se7ensins.com/forums/topic/201665-tutlinux-xbox-360-usb-mods/



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How to remove linux from desktop computer using xp cd?

Q. I am using linux in my computer and do not like it and i want to remove it but i have no idea and i only have xp cd tell the full step.

A. HI There,

I had the same experience using LInux and decided to switch back to XP. Many of the applications I used simply did not work with LInux. Also configuring the printer, scanner (and wireless adapter) were difficult or even impossible. Not Linux's fault but the manufacturers did not include drivers for LInux.

It is not difficult to install XP and it only takes about 40 minutes or so for the installation. After installing there will be about 80 updates from Microsoft which will take longer than the install. If you have the original XP then you will want to update to SP-2 and then update to SP-3 since SP-3 is the only version still supported.

Before installing I like to write down the 25 digit key code on the tag located on the CD ( use big letters and numbers to make it easy to read later ).

Also write down all the settings needed to connect to the internet. Once XP is installed they will no longer be available.

Another thing to do is decide upon which antivirus app you want to install and have the CD or file ready on a flash drive ready for when you connect to the internet. At the very least have the URL written down so you can install ASAP. It only takes a few minutes for an unprotected system to be infected by a virus. The first thing to do after connectingto the interent is to install your antivirus and make sure the firewall is enabled.

Now you are ready to install XP.

To install all you need to do is insert your XP CD/DVD into the optical drive and boot from it then follow the instructions.

You will be asked for your time zone , keyboard configuration, password for admin account and at some time you need to enter the 25 digit COA that you have written down.

You do not need to enter a password (just press <Enter> with the dialog box blank or if you want a password; go ahead and enter it (write it down and save in a safe place). I don't use a password but if you do make sure to remember it .

To boot from the optical drive restart your computer and watch the monitor. It will show the memory and hardware check and at the bottom of the screen it will tell you which key to press to change the boot order. Probably <F12>, <F8>, <Esc> or <Delete>.

As soon as that message appears; press the key and it should boot from the CD/DVD.
If you are not quick enough; shut down and try again.

Once the computer has booted from the CD/DVD drive just follow the instructions for a full installation.
This will format the hard drive and install XP to the entire C-Drive. Formatting will erase Linux and set up the drive for Windows XP.

After the installation has finished you will need to reboot and you will be running Windows XP.
First go into security settings and enable the firewall.
Second setup your internet and connect to the internet. Immediately install your antivirus and let it update. Your antivirus may want to do a full system scan as part of the installation. That's OK.

After the antivirus is running Windows will want to update. If it does not ask then go to the Microsoft website and find updates and install them.

Good luck,
Al

Note: if you XP CD/DVD is not a genuine copy for your system the installation will fail at some point or it will not update.

What is the best free antivirus for a Macbook Pro with Mac OS X?
Q. I just bought a Macbook Pro and I run Frostwire and I don't have antivirus to protect my Mac. I am new to Apple so I hardly know anything about this yet, so any help with be great, Thanks.

A. clamav is a good antivirus program that has long existed for linux and since the macos is now based on bsd which is a very very similar os to linux, there is a version of clamav for mac too. Im not a mac user so beyond knowing about it, i don't know much about any others.

edit - Actually, there is a very good reason to have virus protection on a mac. Even though most viruses can't run on macs, it doesn't mean they can't be there and transferred to a pc and infect that pc. He says he is downloading stuff using a p2p network and that tends to be one of the most common ways viruses are spread so it is only prudent to have an antivirus program that can scan the downloaded files and clean them up if needed.

Is it safe to have two different antivirus programs; one for your home computer and one for your flash drive?
Q. So my question's just that. I've learned that it's bad to have more than one antivirus program running on a single computer, but I was wondering, is it okay to one antivirus for my actual at-home computer, and a separate antivirus for the flash drive/portable device? Please and thank you.

I currently have avast! for my home computer and I'm thinking of getting ClamWin for the flash drive.

A. You need to get one antivirus program, one firewall and some spyware/adware/malware removers if you don't have it.
I use Norton Internet Security (antivirus, spyware, firewall, add blocker, mail spamfilter, pop up blocker etc) Ad Aware, Spybot and more on my desktop running XP Home SP2 with Firefox and Yahoo Toolbar with pop up blocker.
On my laptop i have Ubuntu 7.04. No security needed in Linux, but i use antivirus and firewall. Firefox is standard.
I have no virus, spyware, adware, pop ups etc on my computers.
Mozilla Firefox and Opera are safer browsers to use then Internet Explorer.
http://en-us.www.mozilla.com/en-US/produ...
http://www.opera.com/

Here are some free programs.
BitDefender Anti-Virus Free.
http://www.bitdefender.com/PRODUCT-14-en...
Avast Anti-Virus Free.
http://www.avast.com/eng/avast_4_home.ht...
AVG Anti-Virus Free.
http://free.grisoft.com/doc/2/lng/us/tpl...
Avast Virus Cleaner - free virus removal tool.
http://www.avast.com/eng/avast-virus-cle...



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What does it mean for windows users if basic knowledge of linux commands are required?

Q. For example FTP and Telnet both run Linux. So that would indicate that some basic konwledge of Linux commands is necessary. However, I am a Windows user...

A. FTP can run on Linux, but it doesn't always run on Linux.

You can run an FTP server on Windows and an FTP client on Windows. Same for Mac.

It is just a File Transfer Protocol. The protocol is cross-platform, not Linux-specific.

Is there a way to reset the stats for the Linux command df?
Q. For a while now whenever I use the command df in Linux it shows that one of my partitions is full but if I use the du -ac command it shows that I am using only 4.2 of 7.8 Gigs of storage. Is there a way to reset the stats for the Linux command df?

A. Df and du do not measure the same exact things. You can google for: df VS du and see a lot of explanations.

Please suggest me a software that i can install in windows XP inorder to learn LINUX commands?
Q. I want to learn linux commands on windows platform (without the requirement of linux OS). I had a software but i forgot the name, can please help getting that similar kind of functionality.

Thank you all for your kind suggestions and Hints.

A. If you want native solution, then Cygwin is the best. It allows you to configure and install only those applications that you want.



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Any mac users out there upset with their machines?

Q. Obviously not a scientific study, but I want to know any stories about people who regret buying a mac. I've run Windows since I gave up on OS/2, and I've played with Linux, but I've never considered buying a mac until recently. Anybody sad that they bought a mac?

A. There are 2 desktops and 2 laptops in this house. One desktop runs Windows because I have one highly-specialized piece of software that'll only run on Windows. It only gets used when I need that bit of software. One laptop runs Windows solely because I haven't gotten around to installing Linux on it yet and so it lies fallow waiting for better days. The other desktop runs Linux (the second most used computer) and my most-used computer (this laptop, in fact) is an Apple. I love my Apple! I love my Linux box for different reasons, but after finally getting my hands on this MacBook Pro, I really don't want to use another computer. Ever. I'll always have Linux boxes around, but I'll also always have an Apple from here on in.

Can you install any software on linux?
Q. If i have linux, can i download any software or buy any computer game, software, etc, and will it play on linux, or is only specific software designed for linux? How does that work, how come you need seperate versions for the different OS?
i thought i clicked on general computers, not sure how this ended up in womens health?

A. hmmm, you posted this in women's health lol. but...linux is different than windows. some windows programs will run in linux, but not all as these are different platforms. whatever you buy will say what platforms it is compatible with

How can I transfer a save on minecraft in windows to linux?
Q. I have windows 7 and ubuntu linux on my computer. I built a cool city on minecraft in windows 7 and want to transfer it to linux so i can play it on my linux because it is faster. Is this possible? How would I do this?

A. it is possible.
In windows 7, press (Windows Key + R)
Type in (without quotes) "%Appdata%\.minecraft"
In there you should see a folder called "saves"
Copy that and transfer it over to your Linux
From there just paste it inside the "minecraft" folder



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Where do I download the latest version of iPod linux to be installed from an IBM compatible?

Q. I am looking for the latest version of iPod linux to be installed from an IBM compatible onto an iPod Classic, which according to Wikipedia will run up to iPod Classic, generation 6. Can you provide a link(s) where I can download the installer, preferably one with a grub or multi-boot, so that I can leave the factory installed Apple software as well. I would also interested in links to Linux software which would run on this version of iPod linux.

A. I am sorry my friend, but I don't think what you are trying to achieve exists or can be done.

Can you change your Linux Software into Windows Vista?
Q. I got a laptop and I am fed up with the Linux software in it! Is there any free programs where I can download my Linux to Vista? Links appreciated! I was just wondering if there any Mac Links too? Thank you

A. You would have to buy windows vista, and then reformat your hard drive and install vista on it.

Is Isilo software compatible with the enTourage Edge E-Reader?
Q. I have an enTourage EBook reader with the Linux with Andriod Google operating system. Do I use the Isilo for Andriod software or the IsiloX for Linux software?

A. Some are. It depends on your version.



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What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages to the computer buyer when using one of the free?

Q. operating systems such as google chrome and linux rather than windows?

A. i don't know about linux
but google chrome was designed to be fast
A great OS for something like net books that are only really good for watching videos and social networking
so it woulnd;t be able to do much in the way of gaming or high demand software

that was the last time i herd about google chrome a while ago it might be different now

What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages to the computer buyer when using one of the free?
Q. operating systems such as google chrome or linux rather than windows?

A. 1 If the computer already comes with Windows, there's no point in wiping it to install a free OS (although that is what I would do)

Pros:
It's free :)
There is a large and supportive community for some linux OSes (if you're willing to learn a little bit)
Linux is highly customizable
There is a lot of cool effects available for some GUI's
Most of the software is free open source alternatives to Windows software
Any one can modify the code of software to improve it
Little to no virus problems, I have no antivirus installed
Being made easier all teh time

Cons:
Can be difficult to migrate from windows
A lot of things are difficult to do (although constantly being made easier)
Some Windows software can be difficult to get working in linux
Software is open source so anyone can modify/look at the code (pro or con)
Difficult to choose a good distro
A lot of command line typing

All in all migrating to linux is a good strategy if you want to save a few hundred $ and are really willing to learn. If you want everything to just work the same then save yourself the anger and just pay out. If you really are willing to learn however there are many people who will help you get started with linux.

What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages to the computer buyer when using one of the free?
Q. operating systems such as google chrome or linux rather than windows?

A. Windows = lots of easy to install software, not very reliable(frequent crashes/freezes), is slow, tracks everything you do and sends it to microsoft(really!)

Linux = Fast, very stable(almost no crashes/bsod's), the new "package-installers" make installing software easier than it used to be, no help(use well maintained forums to get help), no behind the scenes data collection, stick to the popular versions(called "distros")

Chrome = coming out soon, Google's OS. Since it is google it is all spyware. Supposed to be fast, designed more for netbooks and using "cloud storage" to give you unlimited storage space on google servers for free(until you are hooked, then they will begin charging you to access your own data). All of the data you store will be scanned for unlicensed songs, films, kiddie porn, etc. If they find any expect a visit from the Man and a lawsuit from Sony Music.

Best sloution: dual boot Win XP sp3 and Ubuntu Linux, then you can have both while you learn more about linux, slowly phase out windows use. With the new Ubuntu you can access your WIN files! See youtube vids for dual boot tutorials



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If I saved Linux on a usb, could I use it on a school computer running windows?

Q. If I downloaded Linux OS onto a USB, can I put it into a school computer and run it on there? The computers run windows as do most organisations.

A. The usb ports are probably all disabled to begin with unless the admin is an idiot.

What Linux distribution can be installed and work properly from a 2-4gb flash drive?
Q. I have an Eee Asus 900 and the libraries for Xandros are old and I can't do as much as I'd like to on there. I'm considering downloading a different Linux OS to a flash drive but I wouldn't know which could work from there without problems.

A. You will want to go with go with;

For 2 GB
SliTaz Linux http://slitaz.org/en/
Bodhi Linux http://www.bodhilinux.com/
Puppy Linux http://puppylinux.org/main/Overview%20and%20Getting%20Started.htm

if you have 4 GB of memory, you could probably get away with installing something like Linux Mint Debian Edition http://www.linuxmint.com/ , Jupiter OS http://elementaryos.org/ , or Aurora OS http://www.auroraos.org/


I personally like Bodhi Linux when it comes to the eeepc.

Are there any stacker games that play on Linux OS?
Q. My 5 year old's computer runs on Linux OS. Its a Dell computer and can he download any Super Stacker games on it?

A. These seem to all be online flash games. Just install Adobe Flash on the computer (it is probably there already) and load up the page and play the games.



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How can I stop linux/ubuntu from being downloaded on my personal laptop?

Q. loaning out my laptop and don't want linux/ubuntu downloaded. How can I prevent this?

A. Don't loan your laptop to someone if you can't trust them to not download stuff you don't want on there.

Where to Download UNIX and What Version or Kind?
Q. I've tried to google some sites where to download UNIX and just can't seem to find one. Also some Yahoo answers keep showing LINUX download website links not UNIX. And if I found one there were lots of choices. I'm just starting to learn how to program so please help ^^ thanks in advance

A. Linux just the name of a free Unix. There's no one "true" Unix. There are HPUX (Hewlett Packard Unix), AIX (IBM's Unix), MacIntosh is Unix, all of the Linuxes, all of the BSD's, Solaris (Sun Microsystems's Unix), and more. Here is a Unix "Family Tree":

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Unix_history-simple.svg

Your free choices are:

1. Any of the various Linux flavors. For beginners, or for experts wanting a nice desktop or programming platform, I recommend Ubuntu ( http://www.ubuntu.com ). After you install it, be sure to do this at the command line:

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

For servers, I recommend CentOS ( http://www.centos.org/ ).

2. Solaris is free: http://www.sun.com/software/solaris/get.jsp

3. Any of the BSD's. FreeBSD is the most popular. There's also NetBSD, but I recommend OpenBSD ( http://www.openbsd.org ) because it has the best track record of any operating system for security (only two remote exploits in over ten years).

For servers, I recommend OpenBSD over CentOS or Linux for security reasons; however, OpenBSD isn't supported by VMware; so if you're running your server in VMware, then CentOS is the way to go. If you want the best possible file system performance for a database, then Solaris is the way to go (be sure to read up on ZFS first).

Back to the point of your question: For your purposes, I recommend Ubuntu. Don't forget the following command lines (the first installs compilers and C libraries, the second installs the Adobe Flash player, Java, and some other goodies):

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

For your IDE, if you're not into Eclipse, then try Bluefish (sudo apt-get install bluefish).

What is the difference in the Linux downloads for Python and which should I get?
Q. I am currently running Ubuntu 10.10(Maverick Meerkat) and do not know which Python download is appropriate. Please help.

A. Ubuntu 10.10 uses python 2.6.6



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How do you install drivers for your hardware on Linux?

Q. I have Gentoo and I love it except I can't connect to the internet. I have a Dell laptop 100L Latitude (hey! It was practically free). I am feeling rather slow so a really good website would be really helpful (Like "Installing drivers on Gentoo for Dummies" sort of thing) Or if it isn't as hard as it feels like right now and you can just explain it- that would be good too. :-D

A. It might be in your best interest to an easier distro to start off with gentoo is great but not for beginners.
as far as the net not working could be a network connection not set I have had this a few times on some distros. Any ubuntu based distro is a much better choice for a newbie I hope your time with linux is good but it might be less then you hope for with gentoo this early in the game.

I need a good practical source from which I can learn how to use red hat Linux any suggestions ?
Q. I do not need a cluttered source, I already tried official guides but those are too long and boring (Same thing with a " a practical guide to fedora and RHEL). I am just looking for a short hand book that teaches the basics of red hat enterprise Linux (create file, search files, move files, list processes, file permissions ....). Please help

A. At this level you can probably work with any book that covers Unix/Linux basics. Red Hat specifics are probably not so relevant initially. (Certainly you should be able to mix and match Fedora, CentOS, and RedHat.)

I've used books from the "Dummy's Guide" series before, and although I've not looked at the Linux one specifically it might be worth seeing if you can borrow it from your local library.

There's an interesting looking YouTube series, too.

Finally, depending on where and in which country you live, there may be a Linux Users Group nearby. Some of them are a bit geeky (possibly too geeky) but you should find people there who are happy to spend some time with you, maybe over a beer, helping you learn.

What book to use to learn Programming language?
Q. What books can i use to learn c c++ and assembly. I dont want to spend more then £35 for all 3. Should i use dummies or other books?

A. Hi,

Luckly for you, some great books are already available for free (legally, I mean).

* The Art of Assembly Language by Randall Hyde. This is universally considered the best book on x86 assembly. This book comes in two editions. The first one comes in three flavours: 16-bit DOS, 32-bit Windows and 32-bit Linux, while the second comes in a hybrid Windows/Linux version. You may find this a bit odd, but I recommend that you read the DOS edition because (a) the other versions focus on HLA, the author's assembler which is not mainstream---for good reason, and (b) DOS has a very simple API and you will thus be able to focus on the actual assembly without distractions (don't worry, this version of the book still covers 32-bit registers, instructions, and addressing modes and even a few privileged things that cannot be used under Windows/Linux). Once you're ready, switching to another OS will be a breeze.

You'll also need JWasm, a free MASM clone (i.e., the assembler for which the book was written) and DOSBox (an MS-DOS emulator) so that you can test the programs while you write them.

Book: http://homepage.mac.com/randyhyde/webster.cs.ucr.edu/www.artofasm.com/DOS/index.html
Lab manual (optional): http://homepage.mac.com/randyhyde/webster.cs.ucr.edu/www.artofasm.com/DOS/pdflab.zip
stdlib (library used in the book): http://webster.cs.ucr.edu/AsmTools/MASM/stdlib/stdlib.zip
JWasm for DOS: http://www.japheth.de/Download/JWasm/JWasm206bd.zip
JWasm for Windows (later): http://www.japheth.de/Download/JWasm/JWasm206b.zip
DOSBox: http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1

* Thinking in C++, 2nd ed. by Bruce Eckel --- This is a _very_ popular C++ book and its author is on the ISO C++ standards committee so you can trust that he is a guru.

Volume 1: http://www.mindviewinc.com/downloads/TICPP-2nd-ed-Vol-one.zip
Volume 2: http://www.mindviewinc.com/downloads/TICPP-2nd-ed-Vol-two.zip

* The C Programming Language, 2nd ed. by Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie --- A.k.a. K&R, this is still considered to be the best way of learning C despite being written many years ago. One of the authors is actually the creator of C, while the other is one of the guys who developed UNIX. You'll need to buy this one, I'm afraid.

Errata: http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cbook/2ediffs.html

Cheers,
Bogdan



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How can I access a network shared (NFS) linux partition on my windows machine?

Q. One way to do it is install a linux virtual machine on my windows (using vmware/vpc) and use it to mount the NFS partition. Will it work? Is there any other way? Some other software.
I don't have admin access to the partition. Basically, I dont have any support from my sys admin too. (hypothetically :)

A. First, you can try Start->Run and enter //servername

Do you have admin access to the Linux machine? You could install a Samba server to it and mount it from there.

What are the down sides of using a virtual machine instead of a host machine?
Q. Currently I'm using windows 7 and wanted to install Linux Mint. I thought of using a virtual machine because i don't want to reboot too much. So does the performance go down if i use a virtual machine? How much of the memory should i dedicate to the virtual machine?

A. It's OK to get a quick look at a different OS, but I wouldn't recommend it for long term use.
Your 'virtual machine' uses virtual hardware for important things like your sound and graphics card, so you'll never see it how it's supposed to be.

You'd be better of using a 'wubi' type install (called mint4win in earlier versions of Mint, but sadly not available in the latest version) Wubi installs the Linux OS inside a Windows folder and automatically adjusts your Windows boot loader. You do need to reboot to use it, but you get the full power of your system with the real sound and graphics card used - and obviously all the RAM too.

Ubuntu and a lot of it's clones can all utilise the 'wubi' method. It's the ideal way to run Linux for beginners. No partitioning or messing with boot loaders, which are the main sticking points for most newcomers. It's much faster than a 'live' CD and it uses your real hardware, unlike a virtual install

What is the best Virtual Machine for Linux?
Q. If I want to run Windows inside Linux, what is the best Virtual Machine software to use?

A. I thoroughly recommend VirtualBox 4.0 which has been recently released. Assuming you are working with Ubuntu see the tutorial below

HowTo Install VirtualBox 4.0 on Ubuntu
http://www.webupd8.org/2010/12/install-virtualbox-40-stable-in-ubuntu.html


LUg.



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How can i install utorrent linux version?

Q. Ok ive just installed linux and i don't like utorrent transmission client i want utorrent
I mean how to install it no where to find it

A. why not try ktorrent, its in your software manager,
so is azureus,

all you need to do is enable them

How to download programs onto Linux for the PS3?
Q. I recently uprgaded to ydl for my ps3, but I can't download any other programs like Java, MapleStory, or Utorrent? Is it incapable of using other software? Can someone please help me out here?

A. Here is the Yellowdog Linux PS3 Community board http://www.yellowdog-board.com/viewforum.php?f=19

LUg.

What are the chances of getting a virus while using utorrent?
Q. I am using a mac book pro with the osx operating system, and i am thinking about using Utorrent to get music, but i don't want to ruin my mac.

A. Reality Check for all computer users;

The moment you choose to download files from the internet period regard less of whether you are using Mac, Linux, Unix, Windows, etc...you are putting your computer at risk.

That said Torrents are very high risk downloads when it pertains to security issues, and must be done using the utmost caution. When ever you download files via torrent you should always scan them. I recommend Norton Antivirus or a free but great alternative AVG. I believe there are versions for Mac.

Just keep in mind a virus, or other related programs can be embedded in any file period. Furthermore, just be cause you use Linux, or Mac as your operating system (I am a Linux user btw.) does not protect you from viruses. However the odds of catching a virus is lower when compared to more popular platforms.

So just to end my explanation; using the internet places your computer at risk, downloading files regardless of where those files come from, places your computer at risk, browsing websites places your computer at risk. Even so I not saying you should be paranoid or anything, but you should not be lowered into a false sense of security either (that's a lot worse than be paranoid).

Have fun with your torrents, and remember to scan your files, especially executables and scripts before using them, and you should be fine. I run Gentoo Linux and I scan all of my downloaded files before use!

Hope this enlightens you!



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