Tuesday, May 21, 2013

What are the the benefits of a Linux OS over Windows?

Q. What are the the benefits of a Linux OS over Windows. Can I do almost everything on a Linux OS that I can do on Windows, also which is the best Linux OS?

A. There are a couple of advantages I can think of:

It is free. Windows is way over priced.

It is stable. It seems like I am always having to reboot Windows.

It is less corruptable. It seems like I end up re-installing Windows about once a year to clean up problems with it.

It is more secure. Not only do hackers target it less frequently for viruses and such (due to its smaller install base), but you have thousands of developers examining the code base and looking to plug leaks.

It is a true multi-tasking OS. Windows was originally a single task OS which was twisted and perverted over the years to do multi-tasking.

Once you learn how to work at the command prompt level, Linux offers a much larger and more powerful set of tools for doing things on your computer.

There are many more free programs available for Linux. Microsoft has hidden many of the features of Windows so that only their expensive code can take advantage of them - not so with Linux. You can, for instance, get a full featured Office replacement for free.

Drawback: There are a number of programs offered ONLY on Windows.

Which is best? Depends on what you want. Ubuntu is a good all-around replacement for Windows. If you are doing 'server' type of work I'd go with RedHat or CentOS (which is actually RedHat, one version back).

How do i partion my hard drive so i can put the Linux OS(Unbuntu) onto it and choose to boot Linux instead?
Q. How do i partion my hard drive so i can put the Linux OS(Unbuntu) onto it and choose to boot Linux instead?


Some links would be nice, Thanks!

A. you need to provide more information when you ask a question like this. Assuming you have windows xp installed on your computer:

http://apcmag.com/how_to_dual_boot_windows_xp_and_linux_xp_installed_first.htm

assuming you have vista installed

http://apcmag.com/how_to_dualboot_vista_with_linux_vista_installed_first.htm

How do you remove a Linux OS to install windows?
Q. I purchased a "used" computer from my company and it has a Linux OS on it. I would like to wipe it clean and install windows, but not sure how. Is there an easy way to do this?
I tried starting up with the windows 7 disk, in hopes it would just "over ride" the other, but no luck. The current OS is uBuntu...not sure if that makes a difference or not.

A. If you have a cd/dvd of the operating system you want, just put in on your optical drive
turn on your computer, press F8 or whatever button to change start up drive, change booth drive to your optical drive, save setting, exit and reboot.
Your computer will read your cd/dvd and will prompt you.
It will find your hard drive and ask you if you want to install it on that drive. (default C drive).
If you have a huge hard drive, you can partition your C drive to whatever size you want.
I prefer to assign only 50 Gig for drive C. Once the operating system is installed, I partition the remaining drive and use it as storage drive.
It fill format the drive and install your operating system.
Just follow the instructions of the install prompts.

If you are still having problems, use a separate computer, search for Hiren's boot cd in .iso format. Download and burn on cd/dvd. Just boot the cd in your used computer. It has a lot of partitioning programs you can choose to reformat your hard drive.



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How do i connect to the Linux command prompt using JAVA code?

Q. Hmm... not sure if u understand wat i mean....
What i want to know is the codes in JAVA to run the things in Linux command prompt... Like when i run the java prog, i want to be able to connect to the command prompt ... (hope u understand... :P)
Thanks a lot... =)

PS: Any useful links will be really appreciated =)

A. I think I know what your trying to say. You want to run a linux command from the the Java Runtime Environment. This command should work.
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(String command);
There is more info at this link http://saloon.javaranch.com/cgi-bin/ubb/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic&f=34&t=003535.

What is the linux command to obtain the PID number of a specific program running?
Q. I'm tired to use the "top" and search around for the PID of a program that I know is running on a remote terminal, left open by someone else, and that I want to kill. I wonder if there is a linux command that would return the PID of only that program.

A. ps aux | grep processname
or
pidof processname

How to enter password by linux command?
Q. As the title.I would like to find out How to enter password by linux command?

eg: when you write a script to sudo root. then you will be asked to enter password.
how can i do it by linux script? Is there a command can do the job?
Thanks in advance.

A. Don't. just run sudo script instead of trying to put sudo into the script.



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Is there a way to reset the stats for the Linux command df?

Q. For a while now whenever I use the command df in Linux it shows that one of my partitions is full but if I use the du -ac command it shows that I am using only 4.2 of 7.8 Gigs of storage. Is there a way to reset the stats for the Linux command df?

A. Df and du do not measure the same exact things. You can google for: df VS du and see a lot of explanations.

Please suggest me a software that i can install in windows XP inorder to learn LINUX commands?
Q. I want to learn linux commands on windows platform (without the requirement of linux OS). I had a software but i forgot the name, can please help getting that similar kind of functionality.

Thank you all for your kind suggestions and Hints.

A. If you want native solution, then Cygwin is the best. It allows you to configure and install only those applications that you want.

How to save file to desktop using Linux commands.?
Q. I am a beginner to Linux commands. I use SSH to connect to a Linux server. What command can I use to save a text file on the server to my desktop? Example?

A. From your desktop, fire up a terminal, or use Cygwin if you're under Windows (make sure you have installed the openssh packages) :

scp <your_user_name>@<server_name>:<path to remote file> <path to local dir/file>

Enter your password, and you're done :)



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What is a good keyboard mouse combo device?

Q. looking for a keyboard that functions as a mouse and board with only one usb input.

linux compatible good quality?

anyone have any good expediences with such hardware?

A. Logitech has good products,I think the latest Keyboard/Mouse uses one wireless USB connection that also will control up to six devices.

How to install wifi usb driver on back track linux or make it to work on vmware?
Q. i have back track linux on vmware and i cant get my wifi device to work i tried to use wifi usb to work but it also dont work i guess i need to install the driver of that usb in BT linux but i dont how
can you please help me ?

A. there is an easy way, Google to find DGTSoft, then you can download "USB Drivers for Windows XP/Vista/7", choose one for your PC, it an scan and find the missing drivers and then install the right ones automatically.Good luck for u!

Is there a modding software like Modio or USB XTAF for Linux?
Q. Is there any modding software that can read from a Xbox 360 memory unit like Modio or USB Xtaf can for Linux. I am currently running Ubuntu 11.04 and can't seem to find anything. Also neither Modio or USB Xtaf work under Wine.

A. http://www.se7ensins.com/forums/topic/201665-tutlinux-xbox-360-usb-mods/



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Can I use linux to stream videos to a windows pc?

Q. I have an old computer that i want to turn into a media center for my household. The problem is, I really want a linux distro on it if possible. I know Tversity and Twonky don't support linux, but is there a distro or program I could use to stream my videos?

A. http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/groups/dvd/ www.mplayherhq.hu
available in command line and GUI
â Be sure to get all the codecs, including the W32
codecs.
â available as source, RPM or Debs
â Yum RPM updates for Fedora from
www.greysector.net
Mplayer tricks
â Make a script with your favorite command-line
parameters like this
â time mplayer autoq
20 cache
32768 autosync
30 framedrop
zoom
fs
stopxscreensaver
$*
â Or put them in your GUI launcher
â mplayer-plugin for Mozilla & Firefox
â Skip ads and start at 4th file on DVD with dvd://4
(or whichever one starts the show on that DVD)

how to speed up XBMC on an old Ubuntu Linux computer?
Q. I recently installed XBMC media center on my old Ubuntu Linux computer. I am running 11.04 and have already changed the sources to the 10.10 release. There is lots of lag in the media center and a very low frame rate. Is there a way to disable some of the 3D effects to make XBMC run faster? If not is there another way to speed up XBMC media center?

A. Disable or low some of the XBMC settings
Close any programs you have open before using XBMC
Turning off any start-up programs that you don't use

Is there a way to have Window Media Center recognize and play rar'ed videos?
Q. I want WMC on XP to recognize and play video in rar archives, either by extracting it completely before playing or not.

Or should I go with some other Media Center, Windows or Linux based, excluding MythTV?

A. No,only the archiver application can recognise the file. Not that there is any point in compressing a video file as they already, usually have high compression levels due to their encoding.



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What unix operating system should I install on my macbook?

Q. I saw here a list of some unix operating systems: http://www.tech-faq.com/download-unix.shtml

Which would be recommended to be installed on my macbook? (Please tell me whether the operating system is known to work without problems on a mac.) I am a comp. sci. student.

A. I don't think you need to install Unix on MAC since MAC OS X is itself built on Unix OS.

All functionality of unix is present in OS X.
Search for origin of OSX on wikipedia.

If you would still like to try another flavour of linux try Ubuntu since it is easy to install and you can first try it using Live CD.

Is there still a pure unix system out there for download?
Q. I have tried linux, windows, and mac os x. I am curious however to see what a unix operating system with GUI looks like. I have heard and read countless of articles of linux being based on the "rock solid" and "very stable" UNIX kernel. I want to get the "pure" unix operating system not linux. Does anyone have any information about why UNIX is gone?

A. Unix still exists, but is generally only installed on custome hardware and often won't run on anything else. Irix (SGI's unix flavor) is one example if this, as well as HP-UX and AIX by HP and IBM, respectively. You can try Open Solaris, which is Sun's unix OS. It runs on standard PCs. Ditto for OpenBSD.

How can i download old Unix operating system?
Q. Pls give me link for download unix operating system ..

A. You can't, they were propreitary... If you want a new one, FreeBSD is the closest you can get... Also, Linux isn't built from unix, just based on it, but it's much more advanced...



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What is the best Linux distribution for a beginner?

Q. I don't know anything about Linux. Should be easy to use and should be an active and popular distribution that is still updated from time to time and has an active developer team.

A. Here are some options for installing or trying out Linux

Option One (Full installation)

I thoroughly recommend Linux Mint 9 Main Edition which is built upon Ubuntu 10.04 Its easy to install and easy to use plus it comes with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 9 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=52

The Perfect Desktop - Linux Mint 9 (Isadora)
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-9-isadora

Linux Mint 9 User Guide Download pdf.
http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_isadora.php

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 9 then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD for installation

Linux Mint 9 can also be run direct from the LiveCD from Booting up without touching your Hard Drive

Also worth considering :

Fedora Remix (Fedora with elements of Linux Mint)
http://fcoremix.wordpress.com/2010/05/25/lucky-13/
http://iso.linux.hr/community-fedora-remix/
http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/User_Guide/

Again Fedora Remix can be run direct from the LiveDVD without touching your Hard Drive

Option Two (Install Linux inside Windows)

Installing Ubuntu as a dual-boot with Windows without partitioning
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

You keep Windows as it is, Wubi only adds an extra option to boot into Ubuntu. Wubi does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

Wubi keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the Ubuntu 10.04 LiveCD and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where the Wubi installer comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Ubuntu (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Ubuntu is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Ubuntu

Ubuntu 10.04 Download
http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/get-ubuntu/download

Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx) User Guide
http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu:Lucid

Linux Mint 9 which is built upon Ubuntu 10.04 has a similar feature called mint4win and the directions given above for Wubi can be followed
http://duncsweb.com/2009/09/27/mint4win-a-wubi-based-installer-of-linux-mint/

As with Linux Mint 9 and Fedora Remix, Ubuntu 10.04 can also be run straight from the LiveCD without touching your Hard drive

Option Three (LiveCD)

Here the possibilities are endless as you can try out as many different Linux distros. as you like until you find the one thats right for you DISTROWATCH.COM gives full listings (second lists the major distributions)
http://distrowatch.com/

Major Linux Distributions
http://distrowatch.com/dwres.php?resource=major


LUg.

What software are there to track which websites a wireless router user has visited?
Q. I am looking for software that can track the websites and webpages a user has visited. For example, I am operating a wireless router that connects 5-7 users to the Internet. I am interested in what are these people are doing with my wireless service, as in are they abusing the wireless service that I am providing to them?

I am interested in how much time they are spending on the Internet, what websites they have visited or the webpages they are surfing and if they are downloading materials.

I know that such software are available on the open market but so far, I'm not sure where to find them. I am hoping for examples of such software that I can use.

Furthermore, I also wonder if the users on my wireless router can block such tracking software or If they can tack my attempts to follow them or if they will be aware if I am using such software to track them.

I undertsand that large networks and corporations routinely use such software. Are such software very expensive?

A. One solution is to setup a transparent proxy.
http://www.squid-cache.org/
This can be done as to not interfere with access but can provide all sorts of data including every web access or you can restrict certain sites if you really want to. There are several add-ons that have been done for squid to provide reporting from the logs that it can keep. A side benefit is that using caching you can maximize bandwidth and make browsing effectively quicker for sites that are visited frequently or by multiple users.
This is basically a free solution. Any, say, old pentium machine with decent network cards, a fair amount of memory, HD space and Linux loaded on it can handle this.
You could also use something like tcpdump (a packet capture utility) which can monitor *all* traffic going through the network. This too is a free program.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcpdump
http://www.tcpdump.org/

The average user would have no idea if you were using any type of 'tracking' method. And all but the most knowledgable would be aware of certain methods (eg tcpdump can be quite difficult to determine if it is being used depending on how it is used). While it would be pretty easy for someone to realize that they are going through a proxy (eg. a random error with the proxy accessing a page) this can be excused as being in place for the speed benefit.

Many corporations probably use some commercial software, mainly because they have a budget and don't care so much about cost as they do prettiness and nifty charts and reports that a program can make for them with ease. There is plenty of open source software that can do just as much. For more possibilities do a search on freshmeat or sourceforge.

What Linux Distribution should I put on my other hard drive partion?
Q. I have to hard drive partions, with one partion being Windows XP, and the other getting ready for Linux. I am wondering what Linux distribution I should use. The computer I use is for Home use, like homework, web browsing, ect... Any suggestions?

A. I thoroughly recommend Linux Mint 7 Main Edition which is built upon Ubuntu 9.04 Its easy to install and easy to use plus it comes with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 7 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=38

Linux Mint 7 User Guide
http://www.scribd.com/doc/15884753/Linux-Mint-7-Gloria-User-Guide

The Perfect Desktop - Linux Mint 7 (Gloria)
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-7-gloria

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 7 then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD for installation

Linux Mint 7 can also be run direct from the LiveCD from Booting up without touching your Hard Drive

INSTALL LINUX MINT WITHIN WINDOWS

Linux Mint has a feature called mint4win based on the Wubi installer (Ubuntu) http://wubi-installer.org/ which enables you to install Linux Mint within windows (Windows 7 run mint4win in vista compatability mode)

You keep Windows as it is, mint4win only adds an extra option to boot into Linux Mint. mint4win does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

mint4win like Wubi keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the LiveCD you have just created and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where mint4win comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Linux Mint (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Linux Mint is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Linux Mint

Installing a dual-boot with Windows without partitioning
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

CURRENT SESSION

Linux Mint 6 ext3 with switchable Beryl 0.2.1* and Compiz 0.7.8
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=31
http://www.scribd.com/doc/21224431/Linux-Mint-6-Felicia-Official-Users-Guide
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-6-felicia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryl_%28window_manager%29
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiz
*Beryl 0.2.1 sourced from Ubuntu 7.04 repositories


LUg.



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